| Abstract | Završni rad pod naslovom Pojedinac kao žrtva u novelama Guyja de Maupassanta bavi se
proučavanjem novela značajnog predstavnika europskog naturalizma, Guyja de Maupassanta.
On je bio najplodniji pisac od svih ostalih koji su se okupljali oko Zole i objavljivali svoja djela
u zbirci Medanske večeri koja je uz Zolin Eksperimentalni roman manifest naturalizma.
Maupassant je u svojim djelima dosljedno provodio odrednice naturalističke poetike pa tako
njegove priče obiluju estetikom ružnoga, brojni likovi su mu određeni ili naslijeđem ili
sredinom ili trenutkom, a kod nekih je prisutna i biološka motivacija. Novele su mu zasnovane
na malom broju likova i usredotočene na radnju. U velikom broju svojih novela, Maupassant
je za likove odabrao vojnike, prostitutke i samohrane majke. Predmet ovoga rada je upravo
izdvojiti njegove likove i analizirati ih te vidjeti što ih je dovelo u poziciju žrtve. Neki od
najčešćih razloga su rat, nasilje, pohlepa, siromaštvo, neostvarena ljubav, prevara... Još jedan
od ciljeva ovoga rada je pokazati kako je Maupassant u svojim novelama zaista opisao velik
broj likova u raznim životnim situacijama. Odrednice realizma mogu se prepoznati u tome što
je likove uzimao iz svoje okoline (npr. sam je živio promiskuitetno pa su ga zato zanimale
prostitutke, a i sudjelovao je u ratu pa od kuda potječe njegovo zanimanje za sudbine vojnika). |
| Abstract (english) | The final work, entitled The Individual as a Victim in Guy de Maupassant's short stories,
examines the study of short stories by a significant representative of the europe's naturalism,
Guy de Maupassant. He was the most prolific writer of all the others who gathered around Zola
and published their works in the Medan Evening collection which, along with Zola's
Experimental Novel, is a manifesto of naturalism. In his works, Maupassant consistently
implemented the determinants of naturalistic poetics, so his stories abound in the aesthetics of
the ugly, many characters are determined by either heritage or ambience or moment, and some
by biological motivation. His short stories are based on a small number of characters and
concentrated on action. In a large number of his short stories, Maupassant chose soldiers,
prostitutes and single mothers as characters. The subject of this work is to single out his
characters and analyze them to see what are the reasons that brought certain character to the
position of a victim. Some of the most common reasons are war, violence, greed, poverty,
unrequited love, deception... Another goal of this paper is to show how Maupassant in his short
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stories realistically described a large number of characters in various life situations. Realism
can be seen in the selection of his characters because he chose them from his environment (he
himself lived promiscuously, so he was interested in prostitutes, and he participated in the war,
hence his interest in the fate of soldiers). |
