| Abstract | Diplomski se rad bavi dijelom razdoblja iz bosansko-hercegovačke povijesti prije, za vrijeme i poslije Omer-paše Latasa. U posljednjem stoljeću osmanske vlasti sultan, u nastojanju i želji da sačuva granice Carstva, šalje u Bosnu i Hercegovinu najsposobnijeg i najinteligentnijeg namjesnika Omer-pašu Latasa.
Osmansko Carstvo je bez većih problema osvojilo Bosnu i Hercegovinu, te svojom tolerantnom politikom prema vjeri, seljacima, sirotinji i vojno-feudalnoj strukturi, nije na početku imalo većih problema u ravnopravnom pripajanju svom teritoriju. Vjerska tolerancija je kratko trajala, jer su sve religije naspram islama postale inferiorne. Slabljenjem Carstva i uvođenjem reformi izbijaju pobune u Bosni i Hercegovini, koja postaje problem i kamen spoticanja između osmanske vlasti i muslimanske vlastele, koja se osjeća prevarenom i ugroženom.
Osmanska vlast u Bosnu dovodi Omer-pašu, u narodu poznatog kao Džaur-paša, koji u krvi guši ustanke, uništava i obezglavljuje bosansku elitu. Granice Bosne i Hercegovine su krvavo postavljene, u prethodnim ratovima s alijansom kršćanske vojske. Sada ih je trebalo sačuvati i obraniti, jer su se kod susjednih država, u ovom periodu, granice značajno mijenjale. Pobune u Bosni jako utječu na raspoloženje i odnose s drugim državama. Nakon gušenja ustanka muslimanske vlastele, Omer-paša na indirektan način ubrzava dolazak Austro-Ugarske vlasti.
Tako i nobelovac Ivo Andrić još jednom dodiruje tešku bosansko-hercegovačku povijest u nedovršenom romanu “Omer-paša Latas.“ Njegova pažnja koncentrirana je na Omer-pašu, poturicu, koji se uspio domoći visokog položaja u Carigradu i na period koji je prethodio austrougarskoj okupaciji, a značio je slabljenje Osmanskog Carstva. Pašin krvavi pohod gušenja pobune bosanske vlastele i nezadovoljne raje isprepliće se s njegovim privatnim životom u prekidima između vojnih akcija.
Bosna i Hercegovina je postala najzaostalija osmanska pokrajina u kojoj postaje teško živjeti, pa ustanci 1875.-1878. godine postaju dijelom posljednje faze u rješavanju takozvane Velike istočne krize. Nakon tajnih planova, dogovora, indirektnih zadiranja i stare želje, na Berlinskom kongresu Austro-Ugarska stječe prava na Bosnu i Hercegovinu. Postaje sigurno da je osmanska vlast završila na ovim prostorima. |
| Abstract (english) | This thesis focuses on the period of Bosnian-Herzegovinian history before, during and after the rule of Omar Pasha Latas. In the final century of Ottoman rule the sultan, wanting to secure the borders of his empire, sends to Bosnia and Herzegovina his most competent and most intelligent deputy Omer Pasha Latas.
The Ottoman Empire conquered Bosnia and Herzegovina with little effort, and with its tolerant policies towards religion, peasants, the poor and its military-feudal structure in the initially had no significant difficulties in equally incorporating Bosnia and Herzegovina into its territory. Religious tolerance was short-lived because all religions had become inferior to Islam. With the weakening of the Empire and the implementation of reforms, riots break out in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which then becomes a problem and a stumbling block between the Ottoman rule and the Muslim nobility who feel tricked and threatened.
The Ottoman rule brings to Bosnia Omer Pasha, known among the people as "Džaur-paša", who bloodily quells uprisings, destroys and decapitates Bosnian elite. The borders of Bosnia and Herzegovina are set up after a bloodbath in previous wars against the alliance of the Christian army. Now the borders had to be maintained and defended, because the borders among neighbouring countries have changed in that period. The Riots in Bosnia have a strong effect on the state of mind and relationships with other countries. Therefore, by successfully ending the uprising of Muslim nobility, Omer Pasha indirectly speeds up the arrival of Austrian-Hungarian rule.
Moreover, Nobel Prize winner Ivo Andric touches once more on the tough Bosnian-Herzegovinian history in the unfinished novel "Omar Pasha Latas". His attention is focused on Omer Pasha, the convert, who managed to obtain a high position in Istanbul, and on the period which preceded the Austro-Hungarian occupation and as a result the weakening of the Ottoman Empire. The Pasha's bloody quell of Bosnian elite's uprising and the unhappy folk intertwines with his private life in breaks between military actions.
Bosnia and Herzegovina becomes the most stagnant Ottoman province in which it becomes very difficult to live, therefore the uprisings of 1875. - 1878. become part of the final phase of solving the so-called Great Eastern Crisis. After secret planning, agreements, indirect appropriation and old desire, at the Congress of Berlin Austria-Hungary acquires its rights to Bosnia and Herzegovina. It becomes certain that the Ottoman emire rule has ended in this region. |
