Many plant and animal species are protected by the Law on nature protection (2013) because of their endangerment. Among the animals are protected species of birds, reptiles, mammals, amphibians, fish and invertebrates. All of them, in addition to the plants being under threat of extinction due to environmental pollution, disappearance of natural habitat and excessive use of pesticides. The largest vectoring organism is a human. There are nine classes of endangerments species of plants and animals. These are: extinct (EX), extinct in nature (EV), regional extinct (RE), critically endangerment (CR), endangerment (EN), vulnerable (VU), almost endangerment (NT), least worrisome (LC) and insufficiently known (DD). Republic of Croatia is signatory of many documents that identified the protection of nature. Some of them are: Convention on biological diversity (1992), Convention on the protection of wetlands (1971), Convention on international trade in endangered species of wild fauna and flora (1973), Convention on the protection of migratory species of wild animals (1979) and the related agreements and Convention on the protection of world cultural and natural heritage (1972). By their signing, the Republic of Croatia has committed itself to the protection of nature based on their items. For the purposes of this graduate thesis, a study was conducted involving the students from the first to the fifth year of the Teachers College at the Faculty of Philosophy in Split. The research instrument was a survey that questioned students' knowledge about protected plant and animal species in the Republic of Croatia. Research has confirmed that there is a statistically significant difference between students who know and do not know that there is a Law on nature protection in the Republic of Croatia. The absence of correlation between the correct answers and the safety of students in a given response has been partially confirmed. Also, the highest number of correct student responses to claims on protected mammals is confirmed. Students have the greatest unknowns of knowledge of protected plant and animal species as a water goat, mediterranean seagull, tuna and carp. The water goat is a species for which the students think it is a relic but strong protected species in the area of the Republic of Croatia. Almost a third of students did not know that mediterranean seagull, tuna and carp were protected species in the Republic of Croatia. Students have the best knowledge of the Velebit Degenia as a protected species, and they also showed good familiarity with the Mediterranean medvadice, the Griffon vulture and the Fish man.Plant and animal species are considered to be one of the richness of nature and must be preserved for future generations. Today's weather is considered a new time of mass extinction of species, therefore preserving biodiversity at the top of the scale of natural protection. Consequently, it is important to respect the nature and regulations on the protection of plant and animal species, to participate in the development of ecological awareness in children from the earliest age and to teach them to pick only what they have planted and to "hunt" only with a camera.