In the turbulent sixteenth and seventeenth century the population had gone through sudden changes due to the Turkish attacks. The Ottoman Empire rose to become one of the most powerful forces and thanks to their military success they progressed all the way to Central Europe. On the other hand, on the Croatian soil many blistering fights were led against the Turks which eventually ended with the battle of Sisak in the year of 1593 and the great victory of christianity over islam. Uskoci were newcorners from parts ruled by the Ottomans and they were inhabiting parts of Croatia run by the Venetians. They were continuing their fight against the Turks. Without the constant animosity and the clash of religions amongs Austria, Venetians and Ottoman Empire it would have been impossible to imagine the fights of Uskoks. With their impact they awoke contradictory opinions among people. Some considered them pirates and criminals and to others they represented the brave heroes and the most affordable army on the southern boarders of the Habsburgian Empire. To completely understand their operations one was supposed to know and understand their mentality as well as their motives that led them to conumitting infamous deeds. However, due to the complexity of the fights of Uskoks, it was hard to answers to all the questions. Soon the tensions among these provide countries because unbearable and it was only a matter of time when the final confrontation would happen. The Uskok war or War for Gradiška took place from 1615 to 1618 because of the disagreements between the Venetians and Austria that lasted for centuries. Uskok war was also a European war because of the involvement of other countries so „the question of Uskoks“ needed to be reexamined. During the war itself and after, the economy of Istria will have been completely destroyed and the consequences will had been present for a long period of time. Uskoci represented the supporting role of the hero fighting for that country that could benefit from their help in that given moment. They seized to exist the moment when the Madrid and Paris agreement were signed. In any case, the phenomenon of Uskoks remained a synonym of courage and heroism and its story is being told even today.