The aim of this study was to examine the relation of punishment and self-esteem in students early school age. For this purpose, the students of both sexes, third and fourth grade of elementary school, filled in a questionnaire consisting of closed questions designed to gather general information, school satisfaction scale, two assessment scales of experiencing different kinds of punishment in school and in the family and a customized version of the Rosenberg self-esteem scale. There were no significant differences in the assessment of punishment between girls and boys and they both cited parents as those who usually carry out punishment. Girls are generally more satisfied with school than boys while there are no differences in self-esteem. Students who have been exposed to some kind of punishment for a period of one year, more likely have been exposed to non-physical than to physical forms. The most common form of punishment in school is giving bad grades, while in the family it is ban on the use of modern technology. A series of correlation analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between different forms of punishment in the family and in the school and the level of self-esteem and satisfaction with school. Regardless of the inadequacy and the harmful effects of punishment, it is still used in upbringing children of early school age.