The paper presents the policy of the Independent State of Croatia (Croatian: Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, NDH) towards Muslims in Bosnia and Herzegovina, showing its key aspects. In the initial part of the paper the author presents the history of relations between Muslims and croatian nationalism, as well as the development of relations until the Second World War and the establishment of NDH. The author affirms the key components of the policy in the middle part of the paper through the prism of the institutional presence of Muslims in the NDH authorities, insight into the cultural practice, Muslim dissatisfaction with NDH policy and foreign policy potential of the Bosnia-Herzegovinian Muslims. The final part represents a brief review of the long-term consequences of the historical experience of Bosnia-Herzegovinian Muslims in the NDH.