The theme of this final paper is colour in the works of Henri Matisse, i.e. the way his colour palette evolves and changes during the artist’s development. The paper is devised in four parts of the main body, preceded by a brief overview of the historical and social circumstances, as well as the biography of Henri Matisse which help us to understand the impact his surroundings and various acquaintances had on him. The central part of the work represents the artist’s creative phases and his application of colour. The very content of his paintings has always been simple and soothing, showing everyday scenes such as looking out the window into the yard, workspaces and women at the table with usual items. Constantly playing with contrasts of pure colours in various ways, but always taking into account the light and the deep impression that it will, very often, have on the audience. From imitation, expressing expression, to the increase of decorative value of colour and achieving two-dimensionality, Matisse always stays true to himself, his positive attitude towards life and keeps creating until the end of his life.