In this thesis several portraits of Rector’s Palace holdings in Dubrovnik will be presented. We are going to introduce portraits of Dubrovnik residents, mostly from noble lineage, who were a part of social, political and cultural scene from the beginning of the 16th century until the end of the 18th century. Among these portraits, which belong to the Collection of paintings from the Cultural and historical museum, we should single out female portraits which enable us to study the fashion of that historical and artistic period. Most of the portraits is a work of art of the unknown artists, about whose work and provenance we can only guess. The very Collection is a result of systematical collection of material which had begun after The Second World War, and some of the portraits became a part of the Collection due to grants or they were repurchased from the descendants of those Dubrovnik’s families. We can describe them as mostly realistic representation of people who wanted to leave a mark of their own existence. Maybe they do not bear special artistic value, but they enable us to study the development of painting in the area of The Republic of Dubrovnik. If we place them in the social and historical context of the period of Baroque in this area, we will realize that their true value lies in their usefulness when it comes to our understanding of that part of Dubrovnik’s history.