The aim of this paper is to represent Aristotle's understanding of the concept of the soul. In explaining the soul, Aristotle begins with a critical review of his predecessors' thinking about the soul, that is, about the ancient Greek concept of psykhḗ, which is defined differently throughout history. In his work Aristotle refers to Homer, Anaximenes, Democritus, Empedocles, and others. Aristotle understands living beings as complex substances within the conceptual framework of hylomorphism. Hylomorphism denotes the relationship of body and soul, and the body consists of matter and form. To the body the soul is the purpose, the body itself is mere potentiality. Aristotle talks about three types of soul: vegetative, sensitive and rational soul. Aristotle states five abilities of the soul: those are the abilities of feeding, feeling, thinking, desire and movement. At the end of the paper, Aristotle gradually and cumulatively understands the souls of plants, animals and man building a ladder of the soul’s abilities that goes from feeding to thinking.