Sažetak | Faze razvoja kod djece predstavljaju različite periode u kojima djeca rastu, razvijaju se,
sazrijevaju i stječu različite vještine. Ako razvoj promatramo kao niz promjena pri čemu
individualna ontogeneza predstavlja rješavanje razvojnih zadataka, onda norm alnost razvoja
predstavlja uspješnu integraciju bioloških, socijalnih, emocionalnih i kognitivnih postignuća
koja pridonose kasnijoj adaptaciji. S druge strane, abnormalnosti ili patološke pojave
predstavljaju manjak integracije među različitim domenama i li razvoj psiholoških
mehanizama koji vode u buduću neadaptaciju. Kako bismo mogli prepoznati i razumjeti
moguća razvojna odstupanja, važno je još u najranijoj predškolskoj dobi na vrijeme dobiti
uvid u sve aspekte djetetovog razvoja u čemu uz roditelje va žnu ulogu imaju odgajatelji.
Naime, odgajatelj može prepoznati i razumjeti moguća razvojne poteškoće i uputiti roditelje i
dijete na traženje stručne procjene razvoja. Multidisciplinarnim pristupom moguće je dobiti
mnogo podataka o djetetovom razvoju pri č emu se uz odgajateljeve procjene razvojnih
specifičnosti mogu izdvojiti i najčešće korišteni psihologijski testovi kao što su razvojni test
Čuturić i Wechlerova ljestvica procjene razvoja. Procjeni djetetovog razvoja treba pristupiti
holistički, odnosno u zeti u obzir različite aspekte razvoja, kontekstualne čimbenike i
individualne karakteristike djeteta. Cijeli taj pristup, otkrivanja poteškoća, sami pristup
procjeni i intervencije je ključan kako bi se djetetu osigurao najbolji ishod. |
Sažetak (engleski) | The stages of development in children represent different periods in which children grow,
develop, mature, and acquire various skills. If we perceive development as a serie s of
changes in which individual ontogenesis represents the resolution of developmental tasks,
then developmental normality entails successful integration of biological, social, emotional,
and cognitive achievements that contribute to later adaptation. On the other hand,
abnormalities or pathological phenomena involve a lack of integration among different
domains or the development of psychological mechanisms that lead to future maladaptation.
In order to recognize and understand possible developmental devi ations, it is important to
gain insight into all aspects of a child's development, starting from early preschool age, with
the involvement of parents and educators playing a crucial role. Specifically, educators can
identify and comprehend potential develo pmental difficulties and guide parents and the child
toward seeking professional developmental assessment.. With a multidisciplinary approach, it
is possible to obtain a lot of data about the child's development, where in addition to the
educator's assessm ent of developmental specifics, the most commonly used psychological
tests can be singled out are The developmental test Čuturić and Wechler's developmental
assessment scale. The assessment of a child's development should be approached
holistically, takin g into account various developmental aspects, contextual factors, and
individual characteristics of the child. The entire approach, including identifying difficulties,
the assessment process itself, and interventions, is crucial to ensuring the best outcom e for
the child. |