The purpose of this bachelor's thesis is to study how education in prison affects the rehabilitation of prisoners. Education is one of the key aspects that enables people to progress in all areas of life. In prisons, educational activities encourage more successful rehabilitation and enable resocialization. Reintegration and rehabilitation help prisoners to adapt more easily and contribute to society after leaving penal institutions. Prisoners who participate in educational programs have better prospects for employment after release from prison and better chances for reintegration into the community. Education provides opportunities to acquire knowledge, skills and competences and to recognize one's own potential and achieve positive changes in life. In Croatia and many other countries, educational activities are enabled in prisons according to numerous legal frameworks. According to the research described in this paper, we can certainly conclude that educational activities have a successful effect on the rehabilitation of prisoners, easier employment after serving the sentence, and reduction of recidivism. With the help of further research and investment in educational activities in prison, it can be ensured that the education initiative realizes its potential in creating positive social changes and empowering ex-prisoners for an easier return to society.